Reducing Variations In Assembly And Packaging Processes – A 3-Step Guide

Assembly and packaging processes, sometimes referred to as secondary processes, can be difficult to define, measure, analyze and control. Labor-intensive, secondary processes performed by us humans seem to present the most challenges. The unpredictable nature of human performance can be overwhelming, making it seem impossible to feel confident about the accuracy and consistency of our processing methods.

Uncertainty feels risky and is frustrating to deal with. Blaming the people performing the process seems like an appropriate behavior, however, I have found it is more productive to take a curious approach and understand what drives this unpredictability.

So the then the question becomes how. What course of action can be taken to understand what causes variation and unpredictable outcomes? Broadly speaking, we need to look at the system inputs, such as, process, people and tools. The first input to become curious about is the process. Some questions to consider include:

  • Is the process defined?
  • Are process tasks defined?
  • Are tasks and sub-process measurable in terms of quality and quantity?

Once the process is defined and measurable, move to a review of the tools needed to perform the tasks and sub-processes. Some questions to consider about tools include:

  • Are the tools widely available
  • What training is available for tool use
  • How are tools calibrated and maintained to ensure consistent performance.

Finally, we can review what specific skill sets are needed to use the tools and perform processes. Some questions to ask about skill sets include:

  • What types of motor skills are needed, fine, gross or a combination of both?
  • Are hand strength and dexterity needed?
  • Are detailed math skills needed for measuring and counting?

After negotiating this adventure in curiosity, we can start inserting humans into a well designed, measurable process where variations can be analyzed and controlled.

While this 3-step guide may seem time consuming, the benefit of doing this work is an ability to create fantastic training programs to further our goal to offer great products to our customers.

Speaking of great training programs, check out this sample video, highlighting ASAP’s performance training video production capabilities.  We have also included the corresponding Shrink Wrap Quality Training Test.

Great Product Packaging

We know it when we see it.  It triggers a curious feeling, an impulse to pick it up, to touch it, and to bring it home with us.  No, it is not a puppy!  It is a great product -packaged with great care – in great packaging materials.  Often, in the buyer’s eyes, the package the product is in, is synonymous with the product. People associate the quality of the product and the experience using the product with the packaging (marketing) the product is in. With packaging playing such an important factor in a product’s image and ultimately sales, here are five elements of packaging that helps to create a connection with the buyer.

Materials
Material choice is an important factor in package quality. Material quality ought to reflect the value of the product being sold.  Material choice may include the gauge of shrink wrap; paper weight of a retail box, the mil thickness of a poly bag  or the flute size best suited for graphics reproduction and stacking strength.  Materials selected needs to endure the distribution channel and the retail environment while accurately reflecting brand attributes.

Product Protection Systems
Packaging needs to protect the product from elements within its manufacturing environment and distribution channel.  A product that is well protected may have many layers in its packaging system, such as a primary package that is sealed, a secondary package to reduce movement and a tertiary package.  A retail package’s tertiary packaging may be the retail box placed on the shelf for purchase. An OEM package’s tertiary packaging may be the distribution box that is stored at the distribution location.  Finally, how the product is unitized, its pallet pattern and pallet protection all contribute to how well the product is protected.

For More Information

Check out this video to learn more
about how to prevent product damage within the supply chain.

Click Here to learn more about how
ASAP can help you with your
damaged product issues.

Processes
Packaging processes need to be complimentary to the product’s manufacturing processes, sequenced correctly and given as much attention as the creation of the product itself.  Packaging processes requiring employees to double and triple handle product are inefficient.  Inefficient process can lead to quality problems, such as missing components.

Ease of use
Ease of use factors for the end user include the ease of opening the package, the layout of the product and its accessories and handling for distributors.

Branding
From a brand prospective, packaging needs to communicate both emotional and rational information about the product.  Colors, font choice, images and logo placement on the package creates an emotional response to the product. Text and other content inform the user of product features and benefits.

As consumers, buyers and end users, we have difficulty differentiating the product from its package.  We tend to believe the image communicated in the packaging is the product we are buying.  With this knowledge, It is important to develop great packaging to promote and protect our great products, make connections with our target market, increase sales and help consumers feel good about their purchase decisions.


Packaging & Product Developement, Earlier Is Better

“Waiting for the launch stage to consider packaging is too late”

Your package is the client’s/end user’s first concrete interaction with your product. It is the moment where the cumulative messaging and marketing efforts are judged. It is the first opportunity to create trust.  Is the package in alignment with your prior messaging; does it communicate the virtues extolled in the advertising campaign?

With such an opportunity to earn trust and create a connection with the end user, it makes sense to think about packaging early in the product development process.  While this consideration may not be necessary in the ideation or scoping stages, there is room for package design and development in the business case and development stages.

According to Robert G. Cooper’s book Winning At New Products, the summary of activities within business case stage are:

  • User needs and wants study
  • Competitive analysis
  • Market analysis
  • Detailed technical assessment
  • Concept testing
  • Financial/business analysis
  • Plans of action

Package development, design and process definition has implications in concept testing and financial/business analysis activities taking place within the business case analysis.

Understanding how the package will look and feel and how the end user will interact with the package enables a more robust concept testing opportunity with end users.  The package design is demonstrated as a complete product prototype.

Once the package design is known, the packaging process is developed.  The packaging process has an effect on the financial/business analysis activity.  For example, if the package requires ultrasonic sealing or blister pack, the organization needs to conduct research to understand whether or not the process fits within core competencies and the investment costs of packaging equipment.  This information, along with the processing costs, is incorporated into the business analysis for a more accurate manufacturing cost model.

Integrating packaging strategies earlier in the product development process has advantages from both branding/marketing and cost perspectives, allowing you to build a more accurate business case for your product.

 

Avoid The Returns Bin, Package Your Product On Purpose

“Don’t judge a book by its cover, but you’re clients are judging your product by its package.”

You know how it is, you are at the store, ready to make a purchase, but the package looks beat up, torn apart and wrinkled. The instant assumption is that the product inside is cheap or poor quality.  As consumers we make these assumptions all day long!  Whether we are buying cereal, electronics or a vehicle, the  appearance of the package dictates our choices.

When making purchasing decisions, we buy on both rational and emotional factors.  Rationally, we believe the functional attributes of the product will meet our expectations.  However, if the outer package does not appeal to our emotional needs of safety and trust, we simply move to the next available alternative.  Even if it is a generic substitute.

The consequences of these subconscious assumptions about the quality of the product has a real impact on brand loyalty and sales.  Often the products whose packaging is damaged or just doesn’t look and feel right, is placed directly into the discount bin or even worse, returned directly to the distributor and manufacturer.

To avoid the discount bin, three critical components to consider in your packaging system include: design, material and process.

Design
A package design needs to address both the rational and emotional needs of the end user, while supporting the attributes of the product.  The package structure speaks to the rational and the graphics, images and colors address the emotional aspect.


Materials
Choices of materials need to support the design structure, branding appeal and price.

Process
The packaging process created needs to consider the how material and product are assembled to create a package that is aligned with both functional product needs and appeals to the buyer’s emotional needs.  Additionally, the process need to be articulated with written work instructions, estimated time at each step and organized in the most efficient sequence.

The packaging system is a system, which means that each component affects the other.  It is possible to have the best design, use the best materials, but if the process is flawed it can destroy the efforts of the whole system resulting in costly returns.

A packaging system that accounts for each component of the system and incorporates both the rational and emotional needs of the end-user creates an intentional, purposeful package and the pay-off is brand loyalty.

ASAP is excited to roll out our new Process Improvement Consultation offer. Click here to learn more.

Hit A Hole In One With Your Packaging Process

Believe it or not there are similarities between ASAP’s packaging process and a golf swing. Everything we do in life has a process. From the mundane: getting up in the morning, making your coffee and driving to work, to the fun: calling the golf course setting up a tee time, driving to the course, we follow processes to achieve desired outcomes. These processes we follow every day become habits.

In a golf swing, it is key how you approach the ball. Each time you approach the ball, there is a process you will follow. Know where your target is when approaching the ball. Grip, posture, stance, weight distribution and swing. In your swing you need to have good tempo in order to deliver the ball properly to the determined target. If you follow this process each time, you will develop good habits and will have proper alignment when stepping up to the ball.

Golf Swing Process

  • Target
  • Approach
  • Weight Distribution
  • Tempo

Likewise, when ASAP receives a project, it is very important how that project is set up. First you need to read the project instructions so you are aware of the customer expectations, quality and turn time. In setting up a project you need to measure how much time each process takes, which processes need to be grouped and how many employees will be on the line for it to be balanced and meet customer deadline. How big will the work cell be, how many tables will be needed and what equipment is necessary to do the process? Next we assign employees to the project and match them to a process that is a best fit for their skill set.

Now see how these two processes compare:

Golf Swing Process >> ASAP Packaging Process

  • Target >> Customer expectations
  • Approach >> Set up
  • Weight Distribution >> Line Balance
  • Tempo >> Timing

There are a lot of similarities between packaging and golf; they are both process based. The more you work on a process, the more efficient you will be. You will save time, reduce waste and be more likely to hit your target.

Here are some golf tips to improve your drive and approach.

When aligning for your tee shot it is important to approach the ball properly:

  • Approach the ball with your feet together
  • Shoulder square to target
  • Ball in center of stance.
  • Grip the club
  • Left arm straight
  • Ball in line with your left heel
  • Move your right foot over until your stance is shoulder width apart
  • The butt end of the club should be directly off your belly button your club will be slightly behind the ball
  • Flex your knees slightly
  • Distribute weight evenly
  • Relax! – swing with tempo and rhythm.

 

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